Harvard Referencing

 

Whenever you use a secondary source such as a textbook, a website, a journal or an image in your work, you must provide a reference so that your tutor knows where it came from. You must make it very clear when you have used someone else’s work. If you do no, then it may be considered to be plagiarism.

To reference correctly, you must provide an in-text citation immediately after the information from the secondary source as well as providing a reference list at the end of your work. The reference list may also be called a bibliography, and it is an alphabetical list of all the sources that you have used. Both your in-text citations and your reference lists must be accurate in order for your references to be complete.

 

In-text citations

In-text citations include:

• The authors surname
• The year of publication
• The page number you have quotes

 

Quotations

Quotes must be inside quotation marks ” “. The in-text citation must be immediately after the quote.

For example:

     “In-text citations give the brief details of the work you are quoting from.” (Pears, Shields, 2019, p.7)

 

Paraphrasing

When you are paraphrasing there are two different ways to do in-text citations depending on whether you have included the author’s surname in your text.

When you are using the author in the text, you only need to include the publication year in the in-text citation. You should put the in-text citation immediately after the authors name.

For example:

      Pears and Shields (2019) states that the in-text citations tell the reader where you found your information.

When you are not including the author in the text then you need to place the in-text citation at the end of the paraphrased sentence or paragraph and must include the authors surname and the publication year.

For example:

     In-text citations tell the reader where you found your information (Pears, Shields, 2019).

 

 

Reference list

The reference list format will depend on the type of resource that you are using. Please consult the Guide to Harvard Referencing for further guidance.

Guide to Harvard Referencing 

 

Useful resources

You can also use ‘Cite them Right’ by Graham Shields and Richard Pears to help you. This book can be found in the library in the study skills section (K 2.5 PEA).

Cite them right eBook

Cite them right book

 

More help

Remember that the good thing about referencing is that it is only done on coursework assignments, you do not need to learn how to reference in exams. If you are struggling, it is okay to sit with the referencing guide next to you as you work to remind you when references are needed.

But if you feel that you would benefit from one-to-one support, contact the Librarian, Anysia, to book an appointment.

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